316L不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)是(shi)一(yi)種基本的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)材(cai),所(suo)以它也有(you)良多(duo)硬(ying)性的(de)(de)(de)必需(xu)的(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)標,包括良多(duo)方面(mian)(mian),下面(mian)(mian)我們要(yao)講(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)就是(shi)關于316L不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)的(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)指(zhi)標.根據(ju)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)方法和合(he)用(yong)范圍不同,硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)又可(ke)分為(wei)布(bu)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du),洛氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du),維(wei)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du),肖氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du),顯微硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)和高(gao)溫硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)等.對于管(guan)材(cai)一(yi)般常用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)布(bu)氏(shi)(shi),洛氏(shi)(shi),維(wei)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)三(san)種. A,布(bu)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(HB 用(yong)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)鋼球(qiu)或(huo)硬(ying)質合(he)金球(qiu),以劃定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)力(F)壓(ya)(ya)入式樣(yang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian),經劃定(ding)(ding)保持時(shi)間后卸除試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)力,丈量試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)痕直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)(L)布(bu)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值是(shi)以試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)力除以壓(ya)(ya)痕球(qiu)形表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)積所(suo)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)商.以HBS(鋼球(qiu))表(biao)(biao)示(shi),單位為(wei)N/mm2(MPa 其計(ji)算公(gong)式為(wei) 式中:F--壓(ya)(ya)入316L不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)試(shi)(shi)樣(yang)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)力,N, D--試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)用(yong)鋼球(qiu)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing),mm d--壓(ya)(ya)痕均勻(yun)直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing),mm. 測定(ding)(ding)布(bu)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)較正確可(ke)靠,但一(yi)般HBS只合(he)用(yong)于450N/mm2(MPa)以下的(de)(de)(de)金屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao),對于較硬(ying)的(de)(de)(de)鋼或(huo)較薄(bo)的(de)(de)(de)316L不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)不合(he)用(yong).在(zai)316L不銹(xiu)鋼焊(han)管(guan)尺度(du)(du)(du)(du)中,布(bu)氏(shi)(shi)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du)用(yong)途最廣,往往以壓(ya)(ya)痕直(zhi)(zhi)徑(jing)(jing)(jing)d來(lai)表(biao)(biao)示(shi)該材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)硬(ying)度(du)(du)(du)(du),既直(zhi)(zhi)觀,又利便.
